Yel iyesi

What it is

Yel iyesi is a spirit of the wind found in Turkic mythology. It is often described as a fairy-like female figure living in the wilderness or clouds. These spirits are believed to be the souls of women who were frivolous in life. They appear as beautiful maidens in white robes. Despite their gentle look, they are fierce warriors. Their voices can create powerful gusts of wind. They possess healing abilities and can predict the future. Some traditions view them as helpful to humans.

Where it comes from

The name comes from the Turkic words 'yel' meaning wind and 'iye' meaning a familiar spirit. In some stories, these spirits are the transformed souls of women. The concept extends to other figures like Yel Ana and Yel Ata. These names appear in Chuvash, Yakut, and Turkish cultures. Similar entities exist in Mongolian belief systems. The Hungarian folklore also features related wind queens and kings.

How it is done

Shamans, known as Kams, were believed to control the weather through possession by wind spirits. A key movement in their ceremonies was spinning on one foot to symbolize a whirlwind. People would blow a light wind to appeal to supernatural forces. Before military campaigns, ancient Turkic communities visited temples dedicated to Yel Ata. They made sacrifices there to ask for victory and protection from the wind god.

Tools and materials

The spirits are associated with white dresses and sparkling fabrics. Yel Ata is described with armor and weapons made of pure silver. Silver is considered his sacred metal. The shamans use spinning movements to represent wind energy. Blowing air is used as a ritual gesture. The wind itself is seen as a carrier of Kut, which is spiritual energy.

What it is for

The spirits are sought for healing and prophecy. Shamans use the connection to gain Kut, a form of natural and spiritual power. The wind god is trusted for energy and strength. In some beliefs, the wind brings diseases, so controlling it protects people. Military leaders seek the wind god's favor for success in battle. The spirits can also cause harm if angered.

Who does it

Kams, or shamans, are the primary practitioners. They undergo possession by wind spirits to gain power. Spinning during rituals is a key practice for them. Ancient Turkic soldiers and leaders also interacted with the wind deities. They visited specific temples to make offerings. The shamans are viewed as sacred persons with special skills.

Peoples and places

The belief is widespread among Turkic peoples. It appears in Chuvash, Yakut, and Turkish traditions. The Mongolian culture has similar figures called Salhi Eej. Hungarian folklore includes Szelanya and Szelatya. These figures share the meaning of wind mother or father. The concepts vary slightly but remain connected across regions.

What people believe

Wind is seen as a mischievous and sometimes violent force. It is personified as a wild horse in some myths. The wind cannot get along with Earth, Water, or Fire gods. Winter storms and summer hurricanes are signs of its anger. Illness-bearing spirits may appear as wind. The wind is perceived as a stroke from another world. It carries Kut, which can be stolen by whirlwinds.

When it is done

In January and February, windy days are common. These months are called Yel Ayı, or months of wind. The wind is seen as a dangerous force during this time. People avoid thoughtless actions, comparing them to being born of the wind. Military campaigns were planned around visits to the wind god's temple.

Questions people ask about Yel iyesi

Good reading and sources

• Yel iyesi on WikipediaEncyclopedia
• Wikidata recordOpen data