Atheistic Satanism

What it is

Atheistic Satanism is a secular spiritual framework that rejects supernatural deities. Practitioners view Satan not as a god to be worshipped, but as a symbol of rebellion against religious control and a representation of human traits like pride and ambition. This tradition focuses on individual potential and psychological development. It stands in contrast to theistic forms of Satanism, which involve belief in actual supernatural entities. The movement is generally categorized as a left-hand path, prioritizing the self and personal empowerment over collective dogma.

Where it comes from

The tradition began in San Francisco, California, on April 30, 1966, with Anton LaVey founding the Church of Satan. LaVey established the first organized structure for this non-theistic approach. He published The Satanic Bible in 1969, which became the foundational text for these beliefs. Later, his daughter Karla LaVey founded the First Satanic Church in 1999. In 2012, Lucien Greaves and Malcolm Jerry established The Satanic Temple in Salem, Massachusetts, drawing inspiration from LaVey’s earlier work but developing distinct political and social tenets.

How it is done

Rituals in this tradition are described as psychodrama rather than supernatural acts. Lesser magic involves using applied psychology to influence others or situations. Greater magic consists of ceremonies designed to focus an individual's own energy and emotions. These practices are intended to help practitioners confront their inner selves and channel their feelings constructively. The methods rely on psychological understanding rather than external magical forces.

Tools and materials

The primary tools are conceptual and textual. The Satanic Bible serves as the core guide for LaVeyan practice. The Satanic Temple uses seven specific tenets to guide moral and ethical behavior. Rituals may use symbolic items to represent human nature, such as pride or egoism. There are no required physical charms or amulets; the focus remains on internal psychological states and philosophical alignment with the chosen symbol of Satan.

What it is for

The goal is to foster self-responsibility and rational thinking. Practitioners seek to reject religious guilt and embrace their nature as animals driven by instinct and reason. The tradition aims to promote personal growth and the realization of human potential. For some groups, it also serves as a platform for advocating civil liberties, bodily autonomy, and the separation of church and state.

Who does it

Practitioners are typically laypeople who identify with either LaVeyan Satanism or The Satanic Temple. LaVeyan followers often look to the Church of Satan or the First Satanic Church for guidance. Members of The Satanic Temple organize around its seven tenets. Training is informal, based on reading foundational texts and participating in community rituals. The movements emphasize egalitarian principles, particularly within The Satanic Temple, contrasting with the more hierarchical or ego-centric views of early LaVeyan theory.

Peoples and places

The tradition is primarily found in the United States. LaVeyan Satanism originated in California and has a global following but remains rooted in American counterculture history. The Satanic Temple is based in Massachusetts and has gained significant visibility through legal activism. While both share the atheistic Satanist label, they differ significantly in their social goals. LaVeyanism focuses on individualism and Social Darwinism, while The Satanic Temple emphasizes compassion, empathy, and political equality.

What people believe

Beliefs center on Satan as an archetype of enlightenment and resistance. Followers do not believe in a literal devil or supernatural realm. Instead, they see Satan as a literary figure representing the struggle for knowledge and freedom. The worldview is materialistic and rational, rejecting supernatural explanations for events. Ethics are derived from reason and scientific understanding rather than divine command. The concept of a soul is often viewed metaphorically as one's consciousness or personality.

When it is done

Observances include seasonal festivals and specific historical dates. Common holidays are Halloween, Yule, the equinoxes, and solstices. Walpurgis Night is celebrated by LaVeyans. The Satanic Temple observes Sol Invictus, Lupercalia, Hexenacht, and Unveiling Day. Birthdays are also marked as personal celebrations of existence. These occasions provide opportunities for ritual gatherings and reflection on the year's themes.

How scholars and sceptics see it

Scholars classify Atheistic Satanism as a new religious movement or a philosophical ideology. Researchers note its emphasis on individualism and rejection of traditional morality. Sociologists study its role in contemporary American culture and its legal battles over religious rights. Critics sometimes view it as a form of counter-culture protest. Supporters argue it provides a coherent ethical system based on reason and empathy, particularly within The Satanic Temple's framework.

Compare and confuse

Atheistic Satanism is often confused with theistic Satanism, which believes in a literal devil. The Temple of Set is an example of a theistic group that split from LaVeyan origins. It is also compared to secular humanism due to its reliance on reason and ethics without gods. However, it distinguishes itself by using the symbol of Satan to challenge religious norms and celebrate human nature.

Days linked to Atheistic Satanism

Questions people ask about Atheistic Satanism

Good reading and sources

• Atheistic Satanism on WikipediaEncyclopedia
• Wikidata recordOpen data